
colloid (kòl´oid´)
noun
1.Chemistry. a. A suspension
of finely divided particles in a continuous medium in which the particles
are approximately 5 to 5,000 angstroms in size, do not settle out of the
substance rapidly, and are not readily
filtered.
b. The particulate matter so suspended.
2.Physiology. The gelatinous
product of the thyroid gland, consisting mainly of thyroglobulin, which
serves as the precursor and storage form of thyroid hormone.
3.Pathology. Gelatinous
material resulting from colloid degeneration in diseased tissue.
adjective
Of, relating to, containing,
or having the nature of a colloid.
- colloi´dal (ke-loid´l,
kò-) adjective
- colloi´dally adverb
Colloid
Colloid, mixture of tiny
particles of one substance, called the dispersed phase, suspended in another
substance, called the dispersion medium. The particles are so small that
they remain in suspension indefinitely, unaffected by
gravity.
Both the dispersed phase and the dispersion medium may be solid, liquid,
or gaseous, although the dispersal of one gas in another is not known as
colloidal dispersion.
An aerosol is a colloidal
dispersion of either a solid or a liquid in a gas. An emulsion is a colloidal
dispersion of a liquid in another liquid. A sol is a colloidal dispersion
of solid particles in a liquid. A gel is a sol in which the suspended particles
are organized in a loose but definite three-
dimensional
arrangement, giving some rigidity and elasticity to the mixture.
Because of their small size, colloidal particles can pass through ordinary filters, but not through the extremely fine openings in a semipermeable membrane, such as parchment. Although individual colloidal particles are too small to be seen with an ordinary microscope, they can be made visible by means of an ultramicroscope, or dark-field microscope. The particles are directly visible in an electron microscope.
silver
silver (sîl´ver)
noun
1.Symbol Ag. A lustrous
white, ductile, malleable metallic element, occurring both uncombined and
in ores such as argentite, having the highest thermal and
electrical
conductivity of the metals. It is highly valued for jewelry, tableware,
and other ornamental use and is widely used in coinage, photography, dental
and soldering alloys, electrical
contacts,
and printed circuits. Atomic number 47; atomic weight 107.868; melting
point 960.8°C; boiling point 2,212°C; specific gravity 10.50; valence
1, 2.
2.This metallic element
as a commodity or medium of exchange.
3.Coins made of this metallic
element.
4.a. Domestic articles,
such as tableware, made of or plated with silver. b. Tableware, especially
eating and serving utensils, made of steel or another metal.
5.Color. A lustrous medium
gray.
6.A silver salt, especially
silver nitrate, used to sensitize paper.
adjective
1.Made of or containing
silver: a silver bowl; silver ore.
2.Resembling silver, especially
in having a lustrous shine; silvery.
3.Color. Of a lustrous medium
gray: silver hair.
4.Having a soft, clear,
resonant
sound.
5.Eloquent; persuasive:
a silver voice.
6.Favoring the adoption
of silver as a standard of currency: the silver plank of the 1896 Democratic
platform.
7.Of or constituting a 25th
anniversary.
verb
silvered, silvering, silvers
verb, transitive
1.To cover, plate, or adorn
with silver or a similar lustrous substance.
2.To give a silver color
to.
3.To coat (photographic
paper) with a film of silver nitrate or other silver salt.
verb, intransitive
To become silvery.
[Middle English, from Old English siolfor, seolfor, probably ultimately from Akkadian sarpu, refined silver, from sarâpu, to smelt, refine.]
Silver
Silver, symbol Ag, white, shiny metallic element that conducts heat and electricity better than any other metal. Silver is one of the transition elements of the periodic table. The atomic number of silver is 47, and the atomic weight is 107.868.
Properties and Occurrence
With the exception of gold,
silver is the most malleable and ductile of all metals. Chemically it is
not very active. Sulfur and sulfides attack silver, causing tarnishing,
which is the formation of silver sulfide on the metal's surface.
Silver sometimes occurs in
a pure form, with the most notable deposits in
Peru
and Norway. Pure silver is also found with pure gold in an alloy called
electrum, and considerable amounts of silver are recovered in the
processing
of gold. Silver is usually found combined with other elements in minerals
and ores. Important silver minerals include cerargyrite (horn silver),
pyrargyrite, and argentite. Silver also occurs as a constituent of lead,
copper, and zinc ores, and half the world production of silver is a by-product
in the processing of such ores. Practically all the silver produced in
Europe is obtained from the lead sulfide ore, galena.
Uses
The use of silver in jewelry,
tableware, and coinage is well known. It is usually alloyed with small
amounts of other metals to make it harder and more durable. Sterling silver
for tableware and other solid-silver objects is 92.5 percent silver and
7.5 percent copper. Silver is used to coat smooth glass surfaces for mirrors,
although aluminum has largely replaced silver in this application. Silver
is also widely used in electrical and electronic components. Colloidal
silver, dilute solutions of silver nitrate, and some insoluble compounds,
such as potassium, are used in medicine as antiseptics and bactericides.
Silver bromide, silver chloride, and silver iodide all darken when exposed
to
light
and are therefore used in coatings for photographic plates, film, and paper.
![]() |
![]() |
