
scherzo (skèr´tso)
noun
plural scherzos or
scherzi (-tsê)
Music.
A lively movement, commonly
in 3/4 time.
[Italian, joke, scherzo, from Old Italian scherzare, to joke, perhaps of Germanic origin.]
Scherzo
Scherzo (Italian, "joke"
or "play"), in music, rapid, vigorous instrumental composition in triple
time,
usually the second or third movement of an extended work, such as a sonata,
symphony, or string quartet. In instrumental music of the 17th century
the term scherzo was used as a title for
light
pieces of irregular form. The modern scherzo was given its character by
Ludwig
van Beethoven. He developed the form as a substitute for the minuet,
which until about 1800 was the customary third movement of a symphony.
The Austrian composer Joseph Haydn had already altered the stately character
of the minuet, often making it a spirited, lively peasant dance. Most scherzos
retain the formal outlines of the minuet, a term that persisted until the
time of Beethoven. Subsequent composers, including Frédéric
Chopin and the Russian-born Igor Stravinsky, occasionally used the scherzo
as an independent form.
scherzo (noun)
musical piece: pastorale,
scherzo, rondo, gigue, jig, reel