
This nOde last updated June 4th, 2005 and is
permanently morphing...
(3
Ak'bal (Night) / 1 Zots (Bat) - 3/260 -
12.19.12.6.3)

shaman
shaman (shä´men, shâ´-)
noun
A member of certain tribal societies who acts
as a medium between the visible world and an invisible spirit world and
who practices
magic
or
sorcery
for purposes of healing, divination, and control over natural events.
[Russian, from
Tungus
šaman, Buddhist monk, shaman, from Tocharian samâne, from
Prakrit
samaNa, from
Sanskrit
sramaNah, from srámah, religious exercise.]
- shaman´ic (she-màn´îk)
adjective
shaman
shaman (shä´men), among tribal peoples, a magician, medium, or healer who owes his powers to mystical communion with the spirit world. Shamanism is based on ANIMISM; the shaman shields humans from destructive spirits by rendering the spirits harmless. He receives his power from a spirit who selects him and whom he cannot refuse. Characteristically, he goes into auto-hypnotic trances, during which he is said to be in contact with spirits. He occupies a position of great power and prestige in his tribe. Noted especially among Siberians, shamans are also found among the Eskimos, some Native American tribes, in SE Asia, and in Oceania.
"The tragedy of our cultural situation is that we have no shamanic tradition. Shamanism is primarily techniques, not ritual. It is a set of techniques that have been worked out over millenia that make it possible, though perhaps not for everyone, to explore these areas. People of predilection are noticed and encouraged. "
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"In archaic societies
where
shamanism is a thriving institution, the signs are fairly easy to
recognize:
oddness or uniqueness in an individual. Epilepsy is often a
signature
in preliterate societies, or survival of an unusual ordeal in an
unexpected
way. For instance, people who are struck by
lightning
and live are thought to make excellent shamans. People who nearly
die of a disease and fight their way back to health after weeks and
weeks
in an indeterminate zone are thought to have strength and soul.
Among
aspiring shamans there must be some sign of inner strength or a
hypersensitivity
to
trance
states. In traveling around the world and dealing with shamans, I
find the distinguishing characteristic is an extraordinary
centeredness.
Usually the shaman is an intellectual and is alienated from
society.
A good shaman sees exactly who you are and says, "Ah, here's somebody
to
have a conversation with." The anthropological literature always
presents shamans as embedded in a tradition, but once one gets to know
them they are always very sophisticated about what they are
doing.
They are the true phenomenologists of this world; they know plant
chemistry, yet they call these energy fields "spirits." We hear
the
word "spirits" through a series of narrowing declensions of meaning
that
are worse almost than not understanding. Shamans speak of
"spirit"
the way a
quantum
physicist might speak of "charm"; it is a technical gloss for a very
complicated
concept."
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"One of the things we were saying in
_The
Invisible Landscape_ is that there are avenues of understanding in
the human body that have not been followed because of epistemological
bias;
for instance, using voice to effect physiological change in one's own
nervous
system. The sounds on one level preposterous, but on the other
hand,
it is simply a formalized way of noting the fact that sound is energy,
that energy can be transduced in a number of ways, and that when it is
directed toward the body it obviously does make changes. Chanting
and singing are world wide shamanic practices. The shamanic
singers
navigate through a space with which we have lost touch as a society."
"I think in a sense it
signals
the rebirth of the institution of shamansim in the context of modern
society.
Anthropologists have always made the point about shamans that they were
very important social catalysts in their groups, but they were always
peripheral
to them - peripheral to the political power and, actually, usually
physically
peripheral, living some distance from the villages. I think
the
electronic
shaman - the person who pursues the exploration of these spaces -
exists
to return to tell the rest of us about it."
-
Terence McKenna -
_Archaic Revival_
Of prime importance here is the initiatory
ritual of death and resurrection. A shaman enters his vocation in one
of several ways, usually through inheritance or through a spontaneous
'call'. This often takes the form of an initiatory sickness, which may
be an illness, an accidental brush with death (e.g. being struck
by
lightning) or a general
breakdown.
"The
Tungus tribesmen of Siberia say that when the
shaman goes into his
trance and
raves incoherent syllables, he learns the entire
language of Nature."
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"The Language of Nature."
"Yes, sir. The Sukuma people of Africa say that the language is
kinaturu,
the
tongue
of the ancestors of all
magicians,
who are thought to have descended from one particular tribe."
"What causes it?"
"If mystical explanations are ruled out, then it seems that
glossolalia
comes from structures buried deep within the brain, common to all
people."
-
_Snow
Crash_
by
Neal
Stephenson
Bedouin Shamanism
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Shamanism is an aspect of desert mysticism. It
consists also of meditative, mystical and
magical
practices which were taught from father to son by the oral tradition,
this
teachings can be regarded as an esoteric offshoot of the old teachings
of the prophet Idres (
Hermes).
The bedouin shaman made use of the eclipse of the
moon
because he knew that earth
forces
in someway could be used for 'magical' purposes. It is
conceivable
that the shaman was somehow able to unite the forces of his own mind
with
those of the earth at such times, and perhaps even transmit the power
straight
along the ley lines, as a modern engineer could transmit an
electric
current along a cable.
book _Angel Tech: A
Modern Shaman's Guide To
Reality
Selection_ by
Antero Alli
"A modern shaman is a
shaman in the 21st century...code name:
Cyber
Shaman. From the Greek, Cyber is a pilot. A modern shaman
is an individual of power interacting with "spirits," triggering
Knowledge, Vision, Technology and Advanced Fun.
When we reach for a good
solid model for the function of
psychedelics
within a larger culture, we immediately face the shaman. The shaman is
a very romanticized image, very "overwritten" as the academics like to
say, meaning that the term now means many different things, including
scores of things totally outside of its original ethnographic context.
I’m not going to go into any specifics about particular shamanic
cultures, but I would like to draw sort of a general picture that
relates to the question about contemporary psychedelic culture.
One thing you can say
about
the shaman or witch is that she lives on the
edge
of cultural maps. The shaman acts as a kind of
interface
between the specific culture of a particular tribal group and the world
outside, a world that we can think of not only as nature, of course,
but
as the cosmic, the abstract, the
alien.
The witch lives at the edge of the village; in her zone, we start to
move
into the wild. And that’s a very potent image for being a
transfer point
between the outside and the inside of human culture. One of the
interesting
paradoxes of shamanism is that, on the one hand, it is very
technological,
very savvy, full of knowledges in almost a modern sense of the term,
like
scientific knowledge. And yet the worlds that are being produced,
sustained,
and performed by the shaman are extremely cultural, spiritual,
mythological.
Look at a healing ceremony, and think about what exactly is happening
there.
Let’s say that healing is occuring through the use of
quartz
crystals being pulled out of the body. What’s happening
there? What’s
really going on?
One way of looking at it
is to say that the shaman is playing a two-fold game. On the one hand,
he knows perfectly well what he’s actually doing, that he’s
pirated a little
quartz crystal in his palm, that he’s using very specific plants
which
have very specific properties which can produce effects, both
specifically
related to health and to more general psychoactive goals as well.
There’s
a tremendous amount of knowledge there. And yet, what does the shaman
do
in the actual situation of the healing? She performs. And what she
performs
is a whole cultural web, the glue that embeds those knowledges in lived
human life. Our doctors do that too, but the package is pretty one
dimensional
– "take this pill, it’ll work out for you." Their knowledge
is kept on
the inside. What the sick person perceives is a cultural story,a cosmic
metaphor, an image of the illness being removed from the body. So
it’s
not that the shaman is a manipulative
trickster
just playing games with quartz crystals. It’s that the shaman
understands
the technology of packaging knowledge within the cultural
matrix
of transformation, and performs this packaged knowledge as if it
were one thing, one
process
of body and mind. Even a skeptic must recognize that the placebo effect
plays a tremendous role in healing of all sorts, and that the art
of producing the placebo effect is incredibly valuable.
Within this performance,
the shaman plays a liminal role, mediating between knowledge and
performance
the way he mediates between outside and inside. Liminality is an
anthropological
concept that describes, again, a place on the edge of cultural maps, a
zone between the wild and the culture, between hot and cold, between
different
villages. In the ancient world, crossroads were places of tremendous
liminal
power. People from different villages, different cultures would
encounter
each other there. So there’s a whole mythology of trickster
figures –
Hermes,
Coyote, Legba, often associated with communication – who model
this relationship
between inside and out. The concept of liminality is crucial to
understand
what function and what role psychedelics play in the larger culture.
Today, many people attempting to create models for modern psychedelic use have looked to the image of shaman healer. Of course we should be wary of abusing this poor old character for our own purposes. There’s also one very important distinction, I believe, between the world view of the traditional shaman healer and what we are faced with, which is that we do not have a coherent, contained world view. We no longer have a specific cultural story that can be performed in that mythological sense. We’re at this very strange juncture in history when cultures are smashing together and flattening out. We have globalization, we have fragmentation, it’s a very open-ended situation. If there is a central error in the shamanic interpretation of modern psychedelic culture, it lies in a romantic nostalgia that wants to reconstruct or re-embody some fully coherent mythological world view.
I don’t want to say
that
in a way that undercuts the power of traditional myths, not to mention
traditional practices and knowledges. Moreover, modern psychedelic
culture
has largely been defined by a relationship to non-European knowledges
and
cultures, and the reception of those stories and practices from the
world
over
inform
the
evolving
picture or cultural story about what psychedelic people are trying to
do
in the world. But I think that we often find a misplaced desire
or
tendency to want that story to be fully complete and realized, so that
we then know that what we’re doing is engaging the mind of the
planet,
or that nature herself is telling us something. Those are valuable
perceptions,
but their attempt to escape the Western model can sometimes be Western
transcendence – not to mention Western consumerism --- in new
disguise.
I think it’s very important to recognize that, at the moment, we
are still
intimately embedded in this tremendous, bizarre, horrible and
fascinating
process of technological modernity. We can see its horrible claws, its
profound lacks, and there’s a desire to overcome these things
quickly and
fully, to chuck that framework and enter into a different kind of
re-enchanted
world. The desire to re-enchant our experience of the world is a
profound
thing that we’re all feeling. It’s incredibly legitimate.
And yet, I think
that the way in which we move forward with that is not by
reconstructing
a kind of mythological world view in the name of ancient wisdom. The
psychedelic
eye sees that things are already enchanted, just the way they are,
fragmented
and integral at once. In this sense, it is important to see psychedelic
culture not as a resistence to modernity, but its own fractal edge.
- Erik Davis - _Psychedelic Culture: One Or Many?_
"Another cyber function of the brain decodes
current
information into skills for
navigating the future and accessing future
memory."
- Christopher S. Hyatt, Ph.D. & Antero
Alli - _A Modern Shaman's Guide To A Pregnant
Universe_
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_Shamanic
Trance
-
Dada Funk mix_ mixed by
Tsuyoshi Suzuki on
Return To The Source (1996)
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604 release
_Shamanic
Trance:
Psiberfunk_ Mix by
Mark Allen :
Return To The Source
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entity The Shamen
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track _You_ by
Gong
remixed by The Shamen
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The Shamen collaboration with
Terence
McKenna on the track _Re:
Evolution_
off
of their 12"
on One Little Indian (1993)
