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Sioux
Sioux (s¡) noun
plural Sioux (s¡,
s¡z)
1. a. A group of Native
American peoples, also known as the Dakota, inhabiting the northern
Great
Plains from Minnesota to eastern Montana and from southern Saskatchewan
to Nebraska. Present-day Sioux populations are located mainly in North
and South Dakota. b. A member of any of these peoples.
2. Any of the Siouan
languages
of
the Sioux peoples.
[North American French,
short for nadouéssioux, from Ottawa naadowesiwag.]
- Sioux adjective
Sioux
Sioux or Dakota,
confederation
of seven Native American tribes, the dominant group of the Hokan-Siouan
stock. They had a typical Plains culture, including buffalo hunts and
the
SUN
DANCE.
In the mid-18th cent. the Sioux inhabited the N Great Plains and the
western
prairies. Of 30,000 Sioux, some 15,000 were Teton, of whom 3,000 were
Oglala.
The Sioux sided with the British in the AMERICAN REVOLUTION and the WAR
OF 1812. They later made treaties with the U.S., but some Sioux
revolted
(1862) and killed more than 800 settlers and soldiers. By a treaty of
1867
the Sioux agreed to retire to a Dakota reservation. When gold was found
in the BLACK HILLS, an influx of prospectors precipitated Sioux
resistance
under such chiefs as SITTING BULL, RED CLOUD, and CRAZY HORSE. Gen.
George
CUSTER was defeated (1876) and his troops annihilated at the Battle of
the LITTLE BIGHORN. In 1890, 200 Sioux were killed at WOUNDED KNEE.
Sioux
and other supporters of the AMERICAN INDIAN MOVEMENT occupied Wounded
Knee
in 1973 to protest U.S. neglect of Native American civil rights. In
1979
the Sioux were awarded $105 million for the taking of their lands,
resolving
a legal action begun in 1923. Now mostly farmers and ranchers, the
Sioux
numbered over 100,000 in 1990; over 40% live in South Dakota.
Human Rights and Social Justice, 1876
The Battle of the Little Big Horn June 25 ends
in the massacre of a 264-man U.S. Seventh Cavalry force under Lieut.
Col.
George Armstrong Custer, 37, at the hands of Sioux chief Sitting Bull,
42, with tribesmen under chieftains Gall and Crazy Horse. The Sioux
have
been angered by the slaughter of buffalo in Montana Territory by the
advancing
whites in the Black Hills gold
rush.
Human Rights and Social Justice, 1890
Sioux lands in South Dakota that were ceded to the U.S. government last year are thrown open to settlement February 10 under terms of a presidential proclamation that opens 11 million acres to homesteaders. Sioux chief Sitting Bull of 1876 Battle of the Little Big Horn fame is arrested in a skirmish with U.S. troops December 15 and shot dead by Indian police at Grand River as Sioux warriors of the Ghost Dance uprising try to rescue him.
CREATION: A SIOUX STORY
"The Creator gathered all of Creation and said,
"I want to hide
something from the humans until they are ready
for it. It is the
realization that they create their own
reality."
The eagle said, "Give it to me, I will take it
to the
moon."
The Creator said, "No. One day they will go there and find it."
The salmon said, "I will bury it on the bottom of the ocean."
"No. They will go there too."
The buffalo said, "I will bury it on the Great Plains."
The Creator said, "They will cut into the skin
of the Earth and find
it even there."
Grandmother Mole, who lives in the breast of
Mother
Earth, and who
has no physical eyes but sees with spiritual eyes,
said, "Put it
inside of them."
And the Creator said, "It is done."
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